1. Plastic bags have been around since the early 1900s and were first introduced to the market as a way to keep foods fresh longer. However, they didn't start being widely adopted until the 1950s when scientists discovered how well plastics could be used to make bottles and containers. Since then, their use has increased exponentially and now we find them in almost everything we buy. Unfortunately, the use of these bags has had some serious negative consequences on our environment and human health.
2. BPA (Bisphenol A) - When polycarbonate plastic was invented in 1938, it was initially marketed as having no harmful effects on humans. In fact, it was even used as a replacement for lead in ammunition casings. But over time, researchers started to notice that it caused reproductive problems in male rats. Then in 1991, studies showed that it leaches out of the plastic and into the food we eat. Today, many countries have banned its use altogether while others have placed restrictions on its use.
3. Toxins - Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), commonly known as PETE, is a type of plastic that is often used to package soft drinks and juices. Because it doesn't degrade easily, it tends to accumulate toxins in the environment. These toxins can cause cancer and damage the liver, kidneys, lungs, endocrine system, immune system, and nervous system.
4. Heavy metals - Many types of plastics contain heavy metals that leach out of the container and contaminate our food supply. Lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, and beryllium are just a few examples of heavy metals that have been linked to various forms of cancer.
5. Cancer - Scientists say that the chemicals in plastic may increase the risk of certain cancers including breast cancer, leukemia, testicular cancer, prostate cancer, colon cancer, ovarian cancer, and brain tumors.
6. Reproductive disorders - Studies show that exposure to low levels of phthalates can disrupt the hormones of fetuses and infants. This can affect sexual development and cause changes in sperm production and function.
7. DNA Damage - Plastics contain chemicals called xenoestrogens that mimic estrogen in the body. Xenoestrogens can bind to DNA receptors and interfere with normal gene expression. This can lead to mutations and cancer.
8. Genotoxicity - Plastics can cause genetic mutations and chromosomal abnormalities. This can result in birth defects, miscarriage, stillbirth, and cancer.
9. Endocrine disruption - Chemicals found in plastics can interfere with hormone systems in animals and people. This can lead to developmental issues, obesity, diabetes, infertility, and cancer.
10. Neurotoxicity - Exposure to toxic chemicals present in plastics can cause neurological damage and behavioral changes. This includes learning disabilities, memory loss, attention deficits, and hyperactivity.
11. Liver toxicity - There are several different types of plastic that can harm the liver. One example is bisphenol-A (BPA). Other types include diethylene glycol (DEG) and triethylene glycol (TEG).
12. Kidney toxicity - DEG and TEG are both highly toxic to the kidney. If ingested, they can cause kidney failure and death.
13. Lung toxicity - DEG and DOP are both extremely toxic to the lung. They can cause respiratory distress, pulmonary edema, and death.
14. Skin toxicity - DEG and DBP are both skin irritants. They can cause dermatitis and allergic reactions.
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